Chemistry 

Why is ATP 36 or 38?

Michael Wilson

Why is ATP 36 or 38?

In eukaryotic cells, the theoretical maximum yield of ATP generated per glucose is 36 to 38, depending on how the 2 NADH generated in the cytoplasm during glycolysis enter the mitochondria and whether the resulting yield is 2 or 3 ATP per NADH.

How 36 ATP is produced?

During respiration, 36 ATP molecules are produced per glucose molecule. 2 molecules of ATP are produced outside mitochondria i.e., during glycolysis and other 34 molecules of ATP are produced inside mitochondria from Krebs cycle.

How is 34 ATP produced?

The Krebs cycle takes place inside the mitochondria. The Krebs cycle produces the CO2 that you breath out. This stage produces most of the energy ( 34 ATP molecules, compared to only 2 ATP for glycolysis and 2 ATP for Krebs cycle). The electron transport chain takes place in the mitochondria.

How do you get 38 ATP from glucose?

Biology textbooks often state that 38 ATP molecules can be made per oxidized glucose molecule during cellular respiration (2 from glycolysis, 2 from the Krebs cycle, and about 34 from the electron transport system).

How many ATP are produced from nadh2?

1 ATP is synthesized using 4 protons; approximately 3 ATPs are produced from one $NAD{H_2}$ molecule. Hence, the correct answer is option (C), That is one molecule of $NAD{H_2}$​ on oxidation yields 3 ATP molecules.

Does the ETC produce 32 or 34 ATP?

In fact, 34 ATP are produced. The ETC is directly aerobic because it uses oxygen and converts it into water.

How is 36 ATP produced in cellular respiration?

Electron transport from the molecules of NADH and FADH2 made from glycolysis, the transformation of pyruvate, and the Krebs cycle creates as many as 32 more ATP molecules. Therefore, a total of up to 36 molecules of ATP can be made from just one molecule of glucose in the process of cellular respiration.

How many ATP are produced by nadph2?

So, the correct answer is 3 ATP.

How is 34 ATP produced in the electron transport chain?

The Krebs cycle produces the CO2 that you breath out. This stage produces most of the energy ( 34 ATP molecules, compared to only 2 ATP for glycolysis and 2 ATP for Krebs cycle). The electron transport chain takes place in the mitochondria. This stage converts the NADH into ATP.

How is 34 ATP produced in etc?

In this step of cellular respiration, electron carriers NADH and FADH2 drop off the electrons they’ve carried from the citric acid cycle. This drop-off allows a large number of ATP molecules to form. In fact, 34 ATP are produced. The ETC is directly aerobic because it uses oxygen and converts it into water.

How many ATP and NADPH2 are required for synthesis of 1 molecule of glucose?

For synthesis of a molecule of glucose, 18 ATP, 12 NADPH and 6CO2 are required.

How many ATP and NADPH2 are produced in Photorespiration?

Question : How may ATP and NADPH_(2) are respectively produced in the process of photorespiration?

Question How may ATP and NADPH2 are respectively produced in the process of photorespiration?
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What process do you get the most ATP per glucose?

So, oxidative phosphorylation is the metabolic cycle that produces the most net ATP per glucose molecule.

How many ATP’s are needed to activate glucose?

two ATPs are used to “activate” glucose, while four ATPs are produced in remaining glycolysis steps. Yeast produce ethanol, a toxic waste product during fermentation. Why would yeast undergo fermentation instead of cellular respiration? to regenerate NAD+ in order to continue glycolysis

How many ATP are produced from one molecule of glucose?

However, due to ATP requirements for electrogenic pumps necessary to maintain electrochemical gradients throughout the process, a net total of about 30 ATP molecules can be produced from one molecule of glucose during aerobic respiration. [2]

How many ATPs are given from 1 molecule of glucose?

Given that there are 4 molecules of ATP, 10 molecules of NADH, and 2 molecules of FADH2 produced by the passage of 1 molecule of glucose through the pathways of aerobic respiration, what is the total theoretical yield of ATP harvested from 1 molecule of glucose by aerobic respiration? 32 ATP

Physiology 

Why is ATP 36 or 38?

Michael Wilson

Why is ATP 36 or 38?

The textbook answer is that in most eukaryotic cells, 36 ATP are produced from 1 glucose molecule: 2 from Glycolysis and 2 from the Citric Acid Cycle by substrate level phosphorylation, and 32 from Electron Transport by oxidative phosphorylation. In prokaryotes the usual figure is 38.

How 36 ATP is produced?

In eukaryotic cells, the theoretical maximum yield of ATP generated per glucose is 36 to 38, depending on how the 2 NADH generated in the cytoplasm during glycolysis enter the mitochondria and whether the resulting yield is 2 or 3 ATP per NADH.

Can produce 36 ATP molecules for every glucose molecule?

During respiration, 36 ATP molecules are produced per glucose molecule. 2 molecules of ATP are produced outside mitochondria i.e., during glycolysis and other 34 molecules of ATP are produced inside mitochondria from Krebs cycle.

Why are 2 ATP used in glycolysis?

Two ATP molecules were used in the first half of the pathway to prepare the six-carbon ring for cleavage, so the cell has a net gain of two ATP molecules and 2 NADH molecules for its use.

Is co2 released in glycolysis?

Since glycolysis of one glucose molecule generates two acetyl CoA molecules, the reactions in the glycolytic pathway and citric acid cycle produce six CO2 molecules, 10 NADH molecules, and two FADH2 molecules per glucose molecule (Table 16-1).

Is pyruvic acid a product of glycolysis?

Pyruvic acid can be made from glucose through glycolysis, converted back to carbohydrates (such as glucose) via gluconeogenesis, or to fatty acids through a reaction with acetyl-CoA. It can also be used to construct the amino acid alanine and can be converted into ethanol or lactic acid via fermentation.

How many ATP does fermentation cost?

Fermentation is less efficient at using the energy from glucose: only 2 ATP are produced per glucose, compared to the 38 ATP per glucose nominally produced by aerobic respiration.

How many ATP does fermentation produce?

two ATP

Does fermentation generate oxygen?

Fermentation does not require oxygen and is therefore anaerobic. Fermentation will replenish NAD+ from the NADH + H+ produced in glycolysis.

What are the 3 types of fermentation?

What Are the 3 Different Types of Fermentation?

  • Lactic acid fermentation. Yeast strains and bacteria convert starches or sugars into lactic acid, requiring no heat in preparation.
  • Ethanol fermentation/alcohol fermentation.
  • Acetic acid fermentation.

Is fermentation a type of anaerobic respiration?

Fermentation is another anaerobic (non-oxygen-requiring) pathway for breaking down glucose, one that’s performed by many types of organisms and cells. In fermentation, the only energy extraction pathway is glycolysis, with one or two extra reactions tacked on at the end.

What are the two step of anaerobic respiration?

Glycolysis and fermentation are the two steps of anaerobic respiration.

What is another name for anaerobic respiration?

The other name for anaerobic respiration is fermentation.

What triggers anaerobic respiration?

How does anaerobic respiration work? In anaerobic respiration, glucose breaks down without oxygen. The chemical reaction transfers energy from glucose to the cell. Anaerobic respiration produces lactic acid, rather than carbon dioxide and water.

What is anaerobic respiration example?

Some examples of anaerobic respiration include alcohol fermentation, lactic acid fermentation and in decomposition of organic matter. The equation is: glucose + enzymes = carbon dioxide + ethanol / lactic acid. Though it does not produce as much energy as aerobic respiration, it gets the job done.

What is an example of anaerobic exercise?

Anaerobic exercises involve quick bursts of energy and are performed at maximum effort for a short time. Examples include jumping, sprinting, or heavy weight lifting. Your respiration and heart rate differ in aerobic activities versus anaerobic ones. Oxygen is your main energy source during aerobic workouts.

What is the equation of anaerobic respiration in humans?

Anaerobic respiration takes place in the cell cytoplasm and produces lactic acid. The chemical equation is C6H12O6 -> 2C3H6O3 (Glucose -> Lactic acid).

What are the three anaerobic bacteria?

The 3 anaerobes commonly isolated are Fusobacterium, Prevotella, and Bacteroides.

Is E coli anaerobic bacteria?

E. coli is a metabolically versatile bacterium that is able to grow under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

Which type of microbe is the most difficult to kill?

Protozoan cysts

Biology 

Why is ATP 36 or 38?

Michael Wilson

Why is ATP 36 or 38?

In eukaryotic cells, the theoretical maximum yield of ATP generated per glucose is 36 to 38, depending on how the 2 NADH generated in the cytoplasm during glycolysis enter the mitochondria and whether the resulting yield is 2 or 3 ATP per NADH.

How many ATP molecules are produced?

38 ATP molecules

How 4 ATP are produced in glycolysis?

The first stage of cellular respiration is glycolysis. It does not require oxygen. During glycolysis, one glucose molecule is split into two pyruvate molecules, using 2 ATP while producing 4 ATP and 2 NADH molecules.

Can produce up to 36 ATP molecules?

Cellular respiration produces 36 total ATP per molecule of glucose across three stages. We can describe each stage’s ATP production.

How many ATP is equal to NADH?

Oxidation of one molecule of NADH in the ETS gives rise to 3 molecules of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation and FADH2 produces 2 ATP molecules theoretically.

What process produces 36 ATP?

Aerobic respiration is the process of producing cellular energy involving oxygen. Cells break down food in the mitochondria in a long, multistep process that produces roughly 36 ATP.

How many ATP does glycolysis cost?

two ATP

How many ATP are gained during anaerobic respiration?

The three stages of aerobic cellular respiration are glycolysis (an anaerobic process), the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation….Aerobic vs anaerobic respiration.

Aerobic Anaerobic
ATP produced Large amount (36 ATP) Small amount (2 ATP)

What is the net gain of ATP in anaerobic respiration?

2 molecules

How many ATP are produced in anaerobic glycolysis?

The anaerobic glycolysis (lactic acid) system is dominant from about 10–30 seconds during a maximal effort. It replenishes very quickly over this period and produces 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule, or about 5% of glucose’s energy potential (38 ATP molecules).

What are the 2 different types of anaerobic respiration?

There are two main types of anaerobic respiration, alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation.

What are the two main type of respiration?

There are two types of cellular respiration (see Cellular Respiration concept): aerobic and anaerobic. One occurs in the presence of oxygen (aerobic), and one occurs in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic).

What is the formula of anaerobic respiration?

Some examples of anaerobic respiration include alcohol fermentation, lactic acid fermentation and in decomposition of organic matter. The equation is: glucose + enzymes = carbon dioxide + ethanol / lactic acid. Though it does not produce as much energy as aerobic respiration, it gets the job done.

What triggers anaerobic respiration?

How does anaerobic respiration work? In anaerobic respiration, glucose breaks down without oxygen. The chemical reaction transfers energy from glucose to the cell. Anaerobic respiration produces lactic acid, rather than carbon dioxide and water.

What are the 3 stages of anaerobic respiration?

Carbohydrates are broken down using all three stages of respiration (glycolysis, citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain).

What are the disadvantages of anaerobic respiration?

Disadvantages: Anaerobic respiration generates only two ATPs and produces lactic acid. Most lactic acid diffuses out of the cell and into the bloodstream and is subsequently absorbed by the liver. Some of the lactic acid remains in the muscle fibers, where it contributes to muscle fatigue.

Why is anaerobic respiration faster?

Another advantage of anaerobic respiration is its speed. It produces ATP very quickly. For example, it lets your muscles get the energy they need for short bursts of intense activity (seeFigure below). Aerobic respiration, on the other hand, produces ATP more slowly.

What is the main advantage of anaerobic respiration?

Another advantage of anaerobic respiration is its speed. It produces ATP very quickly. For example, it lets your muscles get the energy they need for short bursts of intense activity (see Figure below). Aerobic respiration, on the other hand, produces ATP more slowly.

How is lactic acid removed after anaerobic respiration?

When a period of exercise is over, lactic acid must be removed from the body. The body’s tolerance of lactic acid is limited. Lactic acid is taken to the liver by the blood, and either: oxidised to carbon dioxide and water, or.

What kind of respiration requires oxygen?

Aerobic respiration

What is the name of respiration that occurs in the absence of oxygen?

Anaerobic respiration

What would happen without cellular respiration?

Without the process of cellular respiration, there is no gaseous exchange and the cells, tissue and other organs die due to the lack of oxygen and by the accumulation of carbon dioxide within the cells and tissues. …

What is the main goal of cellular respiration?

In cellular respiration, electrons from glucose move gradually through the electron transport chain towards oxygen, passing to lower and lower energy states and releasing energy at each step. The goal of cellular respiration is to capture this energy in the form of ATP.

Can photosynthesis happen without cellular respiration?

Cellular respiration cannot occur without photosynthesis, and photosynthesis certainly cannot occur without the help of its partner.

What can stop cellular respiration?

ATP, ADP, and NADH are examples of molecules that regulate cellular respiration enzymes. ATP, for instance, is a “stop” signal: high levels mean that the cell has enough ATP and does not need to make more through cellular respiration.